Every living being wants its offspring to flourish in this world and human beings are no exception to this. But under current circumstances, this thought has changed greatly owing to the scarcity in resources. We spend much time in quality rather than quantity. Instead of multiplying our own number, every family wants just one or two healthy children, that too after getting well settled in life. So there is great need to avoid unwanted pregnancies.
Pregnancy literally means the implantation of fertilized ovum in the uterus where it grows into a fetus. There are many steps involved in this process. Each contraceptive method works in different pattern in inhibiting these steps. The common goal is to avoid pregnancy.
The oldest natural contraceptive method is withdrawal method. Though criticized as barbarian still it is the easiest method. But there is a risk of getting pregnant as there may be a small amount of semen falling into the vagina. Also there may be a failure of orgasm. The best, easy, and reliable method is the use of condoms. Today there are so many types with different textures, colors, flavors, and other qualities are available on the market.
The next method is the safe period method. Every woman ovulates 14 days before the date of her onset of menstruation. So refrain from intercourse that week. If you have a regular menstrual cycle this method better suits you. But safety is not 100%, as even for woman having a regular cycle the menstrual date may vary sometimes. The use of intrauterine contraceptives which can be placed inside the uterus over a substantial period of time is mostly applicable to women in developing countries. This helps to avoid the implantation of the zygote in the endometrium. But the disadvantages are leucorrhoea, dysmenorrhoea, and frequent infections. Another new device called progestosert is placed inside the uterus which produces the hormone progesterone that prevents conception. This has minimal side effects.
Oral contraceptive pills contain hormones like progesterone and estrogen. It is easy if you never forget to take the pill. The usage of coconut oil, vinegar, soap water, change the acidity of the vagina and thus kills sperms. It applied widely but the reliability is not proven by science.
There are also permanent methods like vasectomy and tubectomy which involve a small surgical procedure. So plan your family and plan the future.